Relationship between humoral response against hepatitis C virus and disease overcome

International audienceConclusionHumoral response against hepatitis C virus linear epitopes is partly modified according to the disease state. This study highlights the importance of considering relative quantities of antibodies with different specificities rather than the amount of each antibody.Hepatitis C virus infection leads to liver disease whose severity can range from mild to serious lifelong illness. However the parameters involved in the evolution of the disease are still unknown. Among other factors, the virus-elicited antibody profile is suspected to play a role in the outcome of the disease. Analysis of the relationship between anti-virus antibodies and disease state requires the analysis of a large number of serums from patients (hepatitis C virus+) and of epitopes from the viral proteins. Such a study would benefit from microarray-based screening systems that are appropriate for high-throughput assays.We used a method combining peptide chips and surface plasmon resonance imaging previously shown to be suitable for analyzing complex mediums and detecting peptide-protein interactions. 56 peptides covering the entire viral proteome were grafted on chips and their interaction with antibodies present in the 68 injected serums from infected and non-infected donors was measured. Statistical analyses were conducted to determine a possible relationship between antibodies (specificity and amount) and disease states.A good discrimination between infected and non-infected donors validated our approach, and several correlations between antibodies profiles and clinical parameters have been identified. In particular, we demonstrated that ratios between particular antibodies levels allow for accurate discrimination of patients according to their pathologic states

Peptide-protein microarrays and surface plasmon resonance detection: biosensors for versatile biomolecular interaction analysis.

International audienceBiosensors in microarray format provide promising tools for high-throughput analyses of complex samples. Although they are able to detect, quantify and characterize a multitude of compounds, most of the available devices are specialized in the analysis of one type of interaction, limiting their application to a define area. The aim of our work was to develop and characterize versatile protein (or peptide) microarrays suitable for the simultaneous analysis of a large panel of biological interactions. Our system involved a simple procedure to immobilized proteins or peptides, based on pyrrole electropolymerization, and ligand binding was detected by imaging the surface plasmon resonance. We demonstrated its suitability in three different contexts, i.e. humoral response characterization, ion binding analysis and cell detection. This work evidences the potentiality of this approach which allows multiparametric, high-throughput and label-free analysis of biological samples suitable for the detection of compounds as various as proteins, ions or cells and the characterization of their interaction with peptides or proteins

A new role for complement C3: regulation of antigen processing through an inhibitory activity.

International audienceIncreasing evidence underlines the involvement of complement component C3 in the establishment of acquired immunity which appears to play a complex role and to act at different levels. As antigen proteolysis by antigen presenting cells is a key event in the control of antigen presentation efficiency, and consequently in the quality of the immune response, we investigated whether C3 could modulate this step. Our results demonstrate for the first time that C3 can interfere with antigen proteolysis: (i) proteolysis of tetanus toxin (TT) by the lysosomal fraction from a human monocytic cell line (U937) is impaired in the presence of C3, (ii) this effect is C3-specific and involves the C3c fragment of the protein, (iii) C3c is effective even after disulfide disruption, but none of its three constitutive peptides is individually accountable for this inhibitory effect and (iv) the target-protease(s) exhibit(s) a serine-protease activity. The physiological relevance of our results is demonstrated by experiments showing a subcellular colocalisation of TT and C3 after their uptake by U937 and the reduction of TT proteolysis once internalised together with C3. These results highlight a novel role for C3 that broadens its capacity to modulate acquired immune response

Des puces à protéines/peptides pour des applications en recherche fondamentale et clinique

Les biopuces sont des systèmes miniaturisés qui permettent des analyses en parallèle et à haut débit. Ainsi, les puces à protéines/peptides sont très utiles dans l'étude des interactions entre diverses molécules biologiques. Nous avons réalisé des puces à protéines et peptides en se basant sur la technologie des polymères conducteurs : la méthode consiste à immobiliser les molécules sondes (protéines ou peptides) sur des supports par électrocopolymérisation à partir d'un mélange de pyrrole et de pyrrole lié à la molécule sonde. Le support consiste en un prisme recouvert d'un film d'or permettant l'analyse des interactions protéine-protéine ou antigène-anticorps par imagerie de la résonance plasmonique de surface. Cette méthode optique, compatible avec des mesures en parallèle, permet une analyse directe, en temps réel et donne accès aux paramètres cinétiques des interactions. Ces puces, de réalisation facile, présentent une très bonne spécificité et une bonne sensibilité. Elles peuvent être régénérées un grand nombre de fois et sont compatibles avec l'analyse d'échantillons biologiques complexes tels que du sérum non dilué. Ces caractéristiques permettent un champ d'application très large, en recherche fondamentale ou clinique mais aussi en diagnostic.GRENOBLE1-BU Sciences (384212103) / SudocCACHAN-ENS (940162301) / SudocSudocFranceF

Analysis of the toxicity of gold nano particles on the immune system: effect on dendritic cell functions.

International audienceThe effect of manufactured gold nanoparticles (NP) on the immune system was analysed through their ability to perturb the functions of dendritic cells (DC), a major actor of both innate and acquired immune responses. For this purpose, DCs were produced in culture from mouse bone marrow progenitors.The analysis of the viability of the cells after their incubation in the presence of gold NP shows that these NP are not cytotoxics even at high concentration. Furthermore, the phenotype of the DC is unchanged after the addition of NP, indicating that there is no activation of the DC. But the analysis of the cells at the intracellular level reveals important amounts of gold NP amassing in endocytic compartments. Furthermore, the secretion of cytokines is significantly modified after such internalisation indicating a potential perturbation of the immune response

Real time and label-free analysis of cellular activity on chip

Publisher: IEEE, 345 E 47TH ST, New York, NY 10017 USA Accession Number ISI:000279891700386International audienceBiochips for cellular applications are of considerable interest to both fundamental research and diagnostic fields. In this study, we demonstrate the use of Surface Plasmon Resonance imaging (SPRi) for the analysis of blood cell activity on biochip. This method previously used to detect antigen-antibody interactions was adapted for the detection of antibodies secreted from B-cell hybridoma using specific antigens grafted on the chip by electropolymerization. For the first time, living cells were maintained in culture on the biochip and the kinetic of their secretion was monitored by SPFti. Unlike traditional methods such as ELISA or ELISPOT, this novel technique permits a real-time and label-free analysis. As a result, antibodies secreted were detected only few minutes after the loading of cells on the chip. Thus, this sensor provides a promising tool for cells phenotype analysis and could be useful in analyzing other secreting cells, like T-cells, widely involved in the inflammatory response and several pathologies

Real-time detection of lymphocytes binding on an antibody chip using SPR imaging.

International audienceWe demonstrate the use of SPR imaging for the detection of site-specific binding of either B or T lymphocyte populations on an electrochemically-grafted antibody array